The city has long been a centre of education, particularly in the fields of medicine, Scottish law, literature, philosophy, the sciences and engineering. The city's Palace of Holyroodhouse is the official residence of the British monarchy in Scotland.
Recognised as the capital of Scotland since at least the 15th century, Edinburgh is the seat of the Scottish Government, the Scottish Parliament and the highest courts in Scotland. Edinburgh is Scotland's second-most populous city, after Glasgow, and the seventh-most populous city in the United Kingdom. It is located in Lothian on the southern shore of the Firth of Forth. The city was historically part of the county of Midlothian (formally called the "county of Edinburgh" or Edinburghshire until 1947), but was administered separately from the surrounding county from 1482. Edinburgh ( / ˈ ɛ d ɪ n b ər ə/ ( listen) Scots: Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann ) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas.
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